There are many places in the world that you can visit for one to two weeks and feel as though you have a good sense of the culture and way of life by the time you return home. However, Japan is not one of those places.

It's hard to "do" Japan in a lifetime, let alone a two-week vacation. With so much to see, it's easy to become overwhelmed once you find yourself in the middle of it all.

Having a well-laid-out itinerary, or at least a fairly solid idea of the spots you'd like to visit and when, will help ensure that you can do what matters most to you during your time here.

On top of this, many attractions and spots utilize dynamic pricing, only accept in-advance reservations at a cheaper online price, or operate on a seasonal basis. Moreover, it's not uncommon for restaurants to be closed on certain days of the week.

As such, be sure to research schedules in advance and make reservations whenever possible. When making reservations, try to book on a day with cheaper tickets (if dynamic pricing is in place) or in advance if there's a cheaper online price.

Before diving into itinerary planning, let's cover some quick essential items you need to check before you can even think about locking down that flight.

Ensure your passport is valid for the entire duration of your stay in Japan. While many nationalities can enter Japan visa-free for short-term tourism (typically up to 90 days), always verify the latest requirements for your specific nationality with the Japanese Embassy or Consulate before travel. It's recommended to have at least 1.5 blank passport pages.

Comprehensive travel insurance is highly recommended, as domestic health insurance may not be accepted in Japan, and medical costs can be high. Look for policies that cover medical emergencies, trip cancellation/interruption (especially due to natural disasters like typhoons or earthquakes), and lost or stolen belongings.

For first-time visitors, arranging internet access in advance is more than a convenience - it’s a necessity.

Reliable connectivity is essential for using navigation apps like Google Maps, translation tools, and staying in touch.

Fortunately, several practical options are available. Renting a Pocket Wi-Fi device typically provides unlimited data, supports multiple devices, and offers reliable nationwide coverage. These can be picked up at major airports or delivered to your hotel.

Alternatively, travelers can opt for a local SIM card or eSIM. Airports typically have prepaid SIM and eSIM counters, as well as vending machines and electronics stores offering them.

Securing internet access ahead of time can help avoid unnecessary stress and ensure a smoother, more connected travel experience.

The first step to creating an itinerary begins with one question: "Why did I want to visit Japan in the first place?"

Maybe you're a history buff who wants to walk in the footsteps of famous figures like Oda Nobunaga or Date Masamune. Perhaps you have a fascination with Japanese architecture and dream of visiting temples dating back over 1,300 years.

Or maybe you're in love with modern Japanese media and culture and want to see where it all began. Whatever the reason, knowing what initially drew you to Japan can make planning your perfect trip much easier.

If you have absolutely no idea what you want to do, we recommend first checking out some general travel guides. These will give you a sense of what Japan has to offer and may help spark interest in specific places or activities.

For a first trip to Japan, many travelers follow either the Golden Route or the New Golden Route. The Golden Route (Tokyo – Hakone or Mt. Fuji – Kyoto – Osaka) focuses on Japan’s most iconic sights and cities, while the New Golden Route (Tokyo – Kanazawa – Kyoto – Osaka – Hiroshima) adds more cultural depth and variety. Another option is the Three-Star Route, which highlights scenic and culturally rich areas in central Japan, such as Matsumoto, Takayama, Shirakawa-go, and Kanazawa—destinations awarded three stars in the Michelin Green Guide.

You can’t go wrong with visiting Tokyo, Kyoto, Osaka, Kanazawa, Hiroshima, or the Mt. Fuji area on your first trip!

If you already have a bit of an idea of what you'd like to see and do, start by checking out specific locations in travel guides. Create a document where you begin listing out things you want to see and do in each city. It could look something like the below.

Ultimately, your trip will encompass a whole range of activities, including essential ones like eating, more general activities (visiting Kyoto, Osaka, etc.), and activities that depend on your own interests and the interests of your travel companions. Your itinerary will be completely bespoke, so here are a few ideas to help you plan your trip.

If you love gourmet, you've chosen the perfect destination. Japan is a foodie's paradise and is home to some of the top chefs in the world, plus its food culture goes back over 400 years. While many tourists tend to immediately think of sushi, Japanese cuisine is so much more diverse. Experience all the tastes that Japan has to offer, from hole-in-the-wall ramen shops to gourmet fine dining restaurants. Try the challenge of a different food type a day; you can experience yakiniku, yakitori, Japanese curry, onigiri, Japanese-style fried chicken, okonomiyaki, udon, tempura, and many more.

From gorgeous landscapes to ancient temples to futuristic city streets, Japan has it all. Experience Kyoto’s traditional way of life, or go to Hokkaido in winter to enjoy all manner of snow activities. Head down to Kyushu for ramen stalls in the streets, or into the mountains in Saitama.

Japan is a country filled with rich, historical experiences. In Tokyo, the Imperial Palace is a popular destination among tourists, as is the Edo-Tokyo Museum in Ryogoku, in the eastern part of the city. For travelers who can't make it to Kyoto, the historical area of Kamakura (and especially the Daibutsu, its Great Buddha) makes for the perfect day trip away from Tokyo. Other historical areas in the nation include the cultural capital of Kyoto and the ancient area of Nara. And, even better, consider planning your trip to coincide with a Japanese festival (or matsuri) to really enjoy the local culture.

Shopaholics will find everything they can dream of and more in Japan. Visit the Ginza area in Tokyo to browse some of the best high-end clothing and accessory retailers in the world. In nearby Yokohama, Akarenga is a trendy shopping center right on the water, located in a renovated red brick warehouse. Those looking for a more traditional Japanese market experience in Japan's western region will find it in Kyoto’s Nishiki Market, where you can find everything from fresh fish to handmade lanterns, and so much more.

Cherry Blossoms (Sakura): Sakura season generally begins in Tokyo in late March (though there are blooms in February), expanding to the rest of the country by early-to-mid April. The sakura season generally only lasts 1-2 weeks. More information, including forecasts, can be found here.

Fall Foliage: Leaves start turning in Tokyo usually around mid-to-late November, but fall colors can be seen throughout Japan from late September (Hokkaido and northern Japan) to early December (Kyoto and cities more to the west). For more information, check out our foliage guide.

There's no easy answer to how long you should stay, as this will be entirely based on the amount of vacation time you can take and how much time it takes you to travel between your own country and Japan. Moreover, the further you have to travel, the more you need to take jetlag into account. Younger people, especially kids, can usually get over this quickly, but the older you are, the more you'll need to consider having a day just to rest and reset.

As an reference, based on data from the Japan National Tourism Organization, most American and Singaporean tourists spend between 7 and 13 days traveling throughout Japan, while visitors from South Korea and Taiwan tend to spend between 4 and 6 days in Japan.

During that time, the most visited locations tend to be Tokyo, Kyoto, and Osaka, though Hokkaido is especially popular during the winter season.

How long you spend in a city or location is entirely subjective and depends on your preferences, budget, and interests. However, here are some suggested lengths of stay in popular tourist destinations to give you a rough idea of how much time can be spent in one location in Japan. These are intended to be minimum guides that take into account seeing major tourist sights/neighborhoods.

When allotting time for types of sights/attractions, here's a rough guide as to how long to spend in categories of places. Again, this could be more or less, depending on your exact travel style or interests.

Choosing the right accommodation can significantly impact your trip experience, balancing location, comfort, and budget. Japan offers a wide range of options, each with its own advantages.

Business Hotels: Located near train stations in major cities, business hotels offer compact, functional rooms with private bathrooms. They’re clean, efficient, and ideal for solo travelers or couples looking for convenience at a reasonable price. Read more about business hotels here.
・Major chains: Toyoko Inn, APA Hotel, Dormy Inn, Super Hotel, Route Inn

Hostels & Guesthouses: Great for budget travelers and those seeking a social atmosphere, these often feature dorms or private rooms with shared facilities. Guesthouses can range from stylish boutique hostels to cozy, traditional homes.
・Popular names: K’s House, UNPLAN

Ryokan (Traditional Inns): For a cultural experience, ryokan offer tatami rooms, futons, and elaborate seasonal meals; often with access to onsen baths and scenic surroundings. While more expensive, meals and the immersive atmosphere are typically included.

Capsule Hotels: Compact and affordable, capsule hotels provide small sleeping pods with shared facilities. Ideal for short stays or solo travelers wanting a unique Japanese experience. Read more about capsule hotels here.
・Popular options: Nine Hours, First Cabin, The Millennials, Capsule Hotel Anshin Oyado

Western-style Hotels: These international and domestic chains offer spacious rooms and a full range of amenities, mainly in urban centers. Great for travelers seeking comfort and familiar service.
・Major chains: Hilton, Marriott, Hyatt, Hotel Nikko, Hotel Monterey, Mitsui Garden Hotel

Shukubo (Temple Lodging): Stay in a Buddhist temple for a serene, spiritual experience. Rooms are simple, with tatami flooring, vegetarian meals, and opportunities to join morning prayers. Often found in places like Koyasan and Mt. Haguro, but also in Kyoto and even the outskirts of Tokyo. Read more about shukubo here.

When choosing where to stay in Japan, weigh convenience against cost.

Central Locations (High Convenience, Higher Price): Staying near major hubs like Shinjuku, Shibuya, or Kyoto Station means easy access to transport, sightseeing, and dining. It’s ideal for short trips focused on maximizing time, but expect higher prices and smaller rooms.

Near-Center Areas (Balanced Convenience, Mid-Range Price): Accommodations a stop or two from the main districts often offer better value, more space, and quieter surroundings, while still keeping you well-connected.

Residential or Rural Areas (Lower Convenience, Lower Price): Staying in suburban neighborhoods or small-town ryokan can be more affordable and authentic, though it usually means longer travel times and fewer dining options. Best for budget travelers or those seeking a deeper local experience.

It all depends on when and where you intend to visit. At minimum, you should plan to book flights and accommodations 1-3 months in advance of your actual trip date. However, if part of your visit falls during Japanese national holidays and/or major festivals (like Golden Week in late April/early May, or cherry blossom season), start booking at least 3-6 months in advance.

For accommodations, please note that many Japanese hotels and ryokan don't open up bookings more than 90 days in advance. If you don't see bookings available for your travel dates, it could be because the accommodation hasn't opened its calendar yet.

Certain attractions and events require advanced booking and/or ticket purchases, including: Studio Ghibli Museum, Ghibli Park, sumo wrestling, major concerts, sporting events for popular teams (e.g.: Hanshin Tigers), and the Yamazaki Distillery tour.

Most information about ticket sales can be found on the official website of specific museums and attractions, so it is best to check these sources several months prior to your trip to ensure tickets can be purchased.

Once you've chosen your destinations, the next step is figuring out how to get around. Fortunately, Japan’s public transportation system is world-renowned for its coverage, convenience, and punctuality.

Cities are well-served by buses, subways, and trains, while major hubs are connected by the high-speed Shinkansen or domestic flights. Things typically really do run fairly close to on time, making travel smooth and reliable.

For intercity travel, especially by Shinkansen or air, it’s worth checking fares, schedules, and transit options between airports and city centers. Flight prices often vary by day and season.

To make local travel easier, travel IC cards (like Suica or Pasmo) are very helpful. They allow contactless payment across most public transport systems (bus, subway, train).

In cities like Tokyo, 24-hour train or subway passes are available and can be cost-effective for sightseeing-heavy days. For those planning to visit multiple regions, the nationwide Japan Rail Pass or regional train passes can offer significant savings on long-distance rail travel.

If you're visiting multiple cities or traveling with heavy luggage, consider using Japan’s luggage forwarding service, Takkyubin. Offered by companies like Yamato (Kuroneko) and Sagawa Express, it allows you to send bags ahead to your next hotel or even the airport. Delivery usually takes at least 24 hours, so keep essentials in a carry-on. Costs typically range from 1,000 to 5,000 yen, depending on size and distance.

Despite its high-tech image, Japan still relies heavily on cash, especially at older, family-run shops and rural businesses. While most modern establishments in cities accept credit cards and e-money, it’s wise to always carry some yen in paper form wherever you go.

Withdrawing cash in Japan using foreign debit or credit cards usually results in poor rates and additional charges from your home bank.

If you choose to bring cash, Japan’s reputation as one of the world’s safest countries helps ease concerns, but don’t keep all your money in one place. Carry only what you need, keep the rest secure (such as in a hotel safe), and plan your budget in advance to avoid overspending.

Alternatively, you can withdraw cash in Japan. Many ATMs at convenience stores and post offices accept international cards, but be mindful of both local ATM fees and your bank’s global transaction charges, which can add up. Always notify your bank before traveling to avoid having your card blocked due to suspicious activity.

Packing for Japan doesn’t have to be overwhelming. With varied weather and activities, it's easy to overthink, but a few simple guidelines can help.

After deciding when to visit, you’ll have a better sense of what to bring. Japan’s climate is generally mild aside from the summer heat, so heavy gear isn’t necessary unless your activities demand it. A lightweight jacket works well for spring and fall, while layers or a slightly warmer coat should cover winter needs. In terms of fashion, Japan leans toward casual chic; no need to dress up unless you want to.

As for toiletries, pack light. Japan offers top-quality beauty and personal care products, so you’ll likely find your usual brands or great alternatives. Stick to travel-sized items and restock as needed at a convenience store, electronics shop (like BicCamera), or variety shop (like Don Quijote).

Outside of major cities, English is not widely spoken. Even in places like Tokyo, many locals may only know a few basic phrases. While fluency isn’t expected, learning a handful of simple Japanese expressions can greatly improve communication during your trip.

Sumimasen (Pronounced: sue-me-mah-sen)
Means “excuse me” or “pardon me.” Use it to get someone’s attention or when bumping into someone.

Gomen Nasai (Pronounced: go-men-nuh-sigh)
Means “I’m sorry.” Best for situations where you’ve inconvenienced someone (e.g., spilling a drink).

Arigatou Gozaimasu (Pronounced: ah-ree-gah-toe-go-zigh-ee-moss)
Means “thank you very much.” You’ll hear this often. A shorter “arigatou” works, but the full phrase is more polite.

Konnichiwa (Pronounced: co-knee-chi-wah)
A standard greeting, usually for the afternoon but acceptable anytime.

These phrases are just a starting point, but they’ll help with daily interactions. When in doubt, speak slowly and use gestures—charades often works better than you think!

Navigating social and cultural norms in Japan is a key aspect of a respectful and rewarding first-time visit. Many Japanese customs, while seemingly intricate, are rooted in fundamental values of harmony, cleanliness, and respect for shared spaces. Understanding these underlying principles helps travelers adapt more intuitively.

Japanese society places a high value on wa, or harmony, which translates into an implicit social contract to avoid disturbing others. This is evident in public behavior, where speaking loudly, yelling, or engaging in mobile phone conversations on public transport is considered impolite and is generally avoided. Travelers are encouraged to keep conversations to a minimum and set their phones to silent mode to maintain a quiet environment.

Personal space is also highly valued in Japan, a densely populated country. Physical contact, such as hugging or back-patting during greetings, is generally not customary unless initiated by a Japanese person. Observing locals and mirroring their demeanor is an effective strategy for fitting in. This includes maintaining orderly queues, which are deeply ingrained in Japanese culture for everything from public transport to restrooms and restaurants; skipping a line is considered highly inappropriate. Additionally, travelers should be mindful not to block walkways or the bottom of escalators, as Japanese people often wait patiently rather than directly confronting those who impede their path. Punctuality is also highly regarded.

Japanese dining etiquette reflects a profound respect for food, its preparation, and the communal dining experience. One of the most significant differences for many international visitors is the absence of a tipping culture. Tipping is generally not expected and can even cause confusion or be perceived as impolite, with staff often returning the money. Service excellence is considered an inherent part of the offering, not something to be compensated extra. If a gratuity is genuinely desired for exceptional service, it should be discreetly placed in an envelope and handed over.

Chopstick usage also comes with specific rules. It is considered highly disrespectful to stick chopsticks upright in a bowl of rice, as this practice resembles funeral rites. Similarly, passing food from chopstick to chopstick should be avoided, as this also mirrors a funeral tradition. When not in use, chopsticks should be laid on a chopstick holder or across the bowl, never crossed. Conversely, slurping noodles is perfectly acceptable and often seen as a sign of enjoyment and a compliment to the chef. Before a meal, saying "itadakimasu" (a phrase expressing gratitude for the food) and "oishii" (delicious) when enjoying the meal are appreciated.

Eating or drinking while walking in public is generally frowned upon. If purchasing street food, it is customary to consume it in front of the stall where it was bought or find a designated seating area. When paying at stores or restaurants, a small tray is often provided on the counter for placing money and receiving change; using this tray rather than handing money directly is the polite custom. Lastly, wearing strong perfumes when eating sushi is discouraged, as it can interfere with the appreciation of the subtle flavors and aromas of the food and be unpleasant for other diners.

Japanese customs regarding shoes, slippers, and bathing are deeply rooted in concepts of cleanliness, purity, and respect for shared spaces. It is considered impolite to wear outdoor shoes indoors in Japan. Upon entering homes, traditional inns (ryokan), temples, some restaurants, and tourist sites, visitors are expected to remove their shoes at the genkan (entryway). Wearing shoes that are easy to slip on and off can greatly simplify this frequent process.

Indoors, slippers are typically provided and should be worn, but never on tatami mats, as the soles of slippers are not considered clean enough for these woven straw floors. Instead, one should walk in socks on tatami. A common point of confusion for first-time visitors is the presence of special "bathroom-only" slippers in traditional accommodations and some homes; it is essential to switch into these before entering the toilet room and remove them immediately upon exiting. Wearing clean socks or stockings is advisable when visiting Japanese homes.

Visiting an onsen (hot spring) or sento (public bathhouse) is a quintessential Japanese experience, but it comes with strict etiquette. It is customary to bathe completely naked in public onsen; swimsuits are generally not permitted. Before entering the communal bath water, it is mandatory to shower thoroughly and wash one's body, as the baths are for relaxing and soaking, not for cleaning. Soap should not be used in the bath water, and towels, toiletries, and clothing must be kept out of the water. Traditionally, individuals with tattoos were prohibited from onsen due to associations with organized crime. While more facilities are becoming "tattoo-friendly," it is crucial to check the specific establishment's rules beforehand. For those with tattoos or who are uncomfortable with public nudity, renting a private onsen is a viable alternative.

Respectful interaction with locals and adherence to Japanese laws are fundamental for a positive experience. When taking photographs, it is important to respect privacy and avoid unauthorized photos of individuals, especially in intimate situations or without explicit consent. While incidental inclusion of people in a broader scene is generally acceptable, actively stalking geisha or taking pictures directly in their face is considered highly disrespectful.

Beyond social norms, strict adherence to local laws is expected. As mentioned, smoking on the street is prohibited in many urban areas, and carrying one's passport at all times is legally required. The severe penalties for drug offenses, even for trace amounts, cannot be overstated.

While English is spoken in major tourist areas, making an effort to learn a few basic Japanese phrases is greatly appreciated and can significantly enhance interactions. Simple phrases like "sumimasen" (excuse me/sorry) and "arigato gozaimasu" (thank you) can prevent misunderstandings and foster positive connections. It is also advisable not to immediately initiate conversations in English. When indicating directions or pointing to a person, it is considered more polite to use an open hand gesture rather than a single finger. The general principle of observing local behavior and adapting accordingly serves as a reliable guide for navigating unspoken rules.

Japan is widely regarded as one of the safest countries in the world, with low crime rates and a strong sense of public order.

However, travelers should still take standard precautions against petty theft (like having smartphones stolen), credit card fraud, and accommodation scams. This includes avoiding leaving drinks unattended and being cautious when interacting with strangers.

Natural disasters such as earthquakes, typhoons (typically June to October), and tsunamis are a real risk. It's important to stay informed via local media like NHK World, follow evacuation instructions, and avoid hazardous areas like rivers, hillsides, or flooded streets during bad weather.

Japan enforces its laws strictly. Travelers must carry their passports at all times. Illegal drugs, including trace amounts, are strictly prohibited. Be especially cautious about bringing any items that may contain cannabis or THC, including edibles, CBD oils, or vape cartridges, as even small amounts can lead to arrest. Some prescription medications (such as opioids) are also banned, so check regulations in advance.

The legal drinking age is 20, drunk driving is strictly prohibited, and smoking on the street is restricted to designated areas in many cities. Carrying knives longer than 5.5 cm or anything considered a potential weapon can also lead to police action.

In an emergency, dial 110 for police or 119 for fire and ambulance services; calls are free from any phone. The Japan Visitor Hotline (+81-50-3816-2787) offers 24/7 support in English, Chinese, and Korean.

With a bit of preparation and planning, you will be well on your way to a fantastic vacation in Japan. Have a schedule you can follow, but be sure to leave yourself open to all the wonderful and unexpected experiences Japan has to offer as well.