Shiga Prefecture may be off the radar for many first-time visitors to Japan, but it’s actually home to Lake Biwa, Japan's largest lake, as well as historic castles, scenic towns, and temples.

In autumn, the area becomes all the more breathtaking as the leaves change color. This two-day road trip will guide you to some of the best autumn foliage spots around Lake Biwa and the outskirts of Kyoto. The appeal of this trip is that it goes around much of the prefecture and you can enjoy nature’s beauty while driving around the lake, which has a circumference of about 235 km. Along the drive, there are plenty of scenic tourist spots to explore.

Since the region covers large distances and many sights are spread out or difficult to reach, driving is the best option.

A car lets you visit the scenic spots at your own pace, including those hard to access by public transportation. For your first night on the less-developed north shore, renting a camper van and camping is a great alternative to limited accommodations.

The autumn foliage around Lake Biwa is a beautiful combination of history and nature. At famous sites such as Makino Highlands, Enryaku-ji Temple, Hikone Castle, Kifune Shrine, and Sanzen-in Temple, the vibrant colors of the leaves color the autumn scenery, impressing all who visit. Autumn is the perfect season for a drive.

There are several car rental companies in the Kyoto Station area, including Nippon Rent-a-Car, Nissan Rent-a-Car, and Toyota Rent-a-Car. Each has a variety of vehicles from which you can choose. Tap here to see options and book a rental car in Kyoto.

If you are visiting with family or friends, renting a camper van is an attractive option. With this, you can potentially save money on transportation and accommodations. Several camper van rental companies are in the Kyoto area with English language support, such as Ilinx, which provides complimentary transportation to and from Kyoto Station for guests.

The first place on our autumn itinerary is Kifune Shrine, a historic site located north of Kyoto City that enshrines the god of water. While access from Kyoto City is easy by car, the road leading to the shrine is very narrow, so extra caution is needed while driving.

The parking lot is often crowded, but it’s relatively easy to find parking at the Kifune Shrine Okumiya Parking Lot, which is located beyond the main shrine. However, the road suddenly narrows a little before the "Kifune Shrine Second Torii", so if you’re driving a camper or are unsure of your driving skills, it’s safer to use "Kifune Parking” (Mapcode: 479 106 836*75) on the way.

Kifune Shrine is also known as a power spot for matchmaking. In autumn, the maple trees surrounding the shrine turn vibrant shades, creating a beautiful display of fall colors. A tunnel of autumn leaves stretches over the vermilion lanterns lining the path, adding to the unique atmosphere. The contrast between the tranquil grounds and the vibrant foliage makes this one of Kyoto's most beloved spots.

It was still light out when I visited, but there were bonfires at the entrance to the main shrine, further enhancing the atmosphere of this historic shrine.

Our next destination is Sanzenin Temple, also located north of Kyoto City. Since public transportation from Kifune Shrine to Sanzenin Temple can be inconvenient, traveling by car offers an advantage. Note that while there are several parking lots near the temple, the roads leading to them are narrow. For easier access, it’s recommended to use Sawada Parking Lot, which is situated along a wider road.

Sanzenin Temple, nestled in a quiet mountain valley, is also known as the Moss Temple. Its gardens are carpeted in beautiful moss, offering a serene setting where you can appreciate nature throughout all four seasons. This peaceful spot invites you to feel the harmony of nature in quiet reflection.

From the parking lot, a path lined with tea houses along a small river leads you to Sanzenin. As you pass through the gate, the vibrant red maple leaves immediately catch your eyes, leaving you speechless with their beauty. As you stroll through the expansive garden adorned with autumn leaves, you can enjoy a stunning harmony of moss, colorful foliage, and temple buildings.

You can also explore the interior of the temple, where the corridors offer mesmerizing views of the beautiful garden.

After enjoying the beautiful autumn leaves at Sanzenin Temple, you will drive through the scenic mountains into Shiga Prefecture, heading for the Biwako Valley Ropeway. The drive is easy, and the roads along the way are not particularly narrow.

The Biwako Valley Ropeway, located west of Lake Biwa, whisking you from the foot of the mountain to the summit of Mount Uchimi—1,100 meters above sea level—in just five minutes. The breathtaking panorama of Lake Biwa seen from the top, at Biwako Terrace, is truly unforgettable.

Especially during the autumn foliage season, the view of the leaves below from the ropeway is spectacular, allowing you to enjoy the colorful autumn scenery while taking a stroll in the air.

You can enjoy a variety of activities and also view the autumn leaves.

Our final stop of the day is Metasequoia Avenue on the Makino Plateau, located north of Lake Biwa. Famous for its stunning autumn foliage, this spot is so popular it ranks among the top 10 autumn foliage destinations in Japan. While the roads along the way are not particularly narrow, the free parking lot along the avenue is a bit tight, so caution is advised when parking.

The 2.4 km-long Metasequoia Avenue has been chosen as one of the "New 100 Views of Japanese Roadside Trees." During the autumn season, it forms a tunnel-like landscape lit up in shades of orange. The picturesque scene, reminiscent of a movie, is a favorite among tourists who come to enjoy the beauty of the autumn leaves in the peaceful, natural surroundings.

The avenue attracts many visitors, with people frequently crossing the road, so cautious driving is essential. Parking on the road is strictly prohibited due to safety concerns.

Our first stop on the following day is Keisokuji Temple, a historic site in Nagahama City, east of Lake Biwa, renowned for its stunning autumn foliage. The road leading from Prefectural Route 332 to Keisokuji Temple narrows, so cautious driving is required.

Around 200 magnificent old maple trees grow within the temple grounds, and when autumn arrives, the entire area bursts with vibrant colors. The carpet of fallen leaves on the stone steps leading to the shrine and the tunnel of autumn leaves are particularly breathtaking.

You may wish to explore the area in greater depth. Since the itinerary for Day 2 is quite packed, if you are traveling outside the autumn foliage season, you may choose to skip this spot and move on to the next destination.

Our next destination is Hikone Castle, a national treasure located in Hikone City on the eastern shore of Lake Biwa. Constructed in the early 1600s, this valuable cultural heritage site preserves the atmosphere of the Edo period to this day.

Hikone Castle is renowned for its original castle tower, built during the Edo period. It’s also one of only five castles in Japan with a main keep that has survived in its original form and is designated a National Treasure. This lets you experience the castle pretty much exactly as the feudal lords over 400 years ago.

In autumn, the area around the castle and its gardens are adorned with vibrant leaves. The maples and ginkgo trees in Genkyu Rakurakuen Garden, located to the north of the castle, also transform into stunning shades, beautifully blending with the historical architecture. The view of the castle town and autumn foliage from the castle tower is equally breathtaking. And, if you’re lucky, you might even spot the city’s mascot character, Hikonyan (a smiling white cat), strolling the castle grounds too.

Next, head to Hachimanbori in Omihachiman City on the eastern shore of Lake Biwa. This Edo-period waterway is surrounded by a charming and historical townscape and beautiful waterfront, making it a popular filming location for period dramas. If time allows, you can enjoy Himure Hachiman Shrine, ride the Hachimanyama Ropeway, or take a relaxing boat ride around the canals.

Especially during the autumn foliage season, the colorful trees along the canal reflect beautifully on the water, creating a serene and picturesque atmosphere. As you stroll along the Hachimanbori canal, the brilliant colors of maples and ginkgo trees somehow makes you feel as though you have stepped back in time.

Enryakuji Temple, a registered World Heritage Site, is home to many historically and culturally significant buildings spread across its vast grounds. First founded in 788, it is said to be one of the main spiritual centers of Japanese culture. The temple complex is divided into three main areas: the East Pagoda, the West Pagoda, and Yokokawa. Due to the considerable distance between them, traveling by car is recommended.

In 2024, the Autumn Leaves Festival will take place at Yokokawa Parking Lot from Saturday, October 26th to Sunday, November 24th, making it an ideal starting point for your visit.

Set atop a mountain 800 meters above sea level, Enryakuji Temple exudes a solemn atmosphere that harmonizes with the surrounding natural scenery. In autumn, the entire mountain is awash with vibrant red and yellow leaves. The temple grounds and surrounding walking paths are particularly popular for their beauty in this season. The breathtaking contrast between Lake Biwa and the colorful foliage, as seen from Mount Hiei, is truly unforgettable.

After the Yokokawa area, head to the Toto area, the birthplace of Enryakuji Temple and the heart of the Three Pagodas of Mount Hiei. This area houses many important temple buildings and national treasures, including the Konponchudo, the main hall of Enryakuji Temple.

Our final destination for the day is Miidera Temple. You’ll be heading there via the Hieizan Driveway, a scenic road that weaves its way around the entirety of Mount Hiei, but take care, as the downhill route is winding with many curves.

Miidera Temple, officially known as Onjo-ji Temple, is an ancient temple in Otsu City, south of Lake Biwa, founded over 1,300 years ago. The temple is renowned for its Kannon Hall and "Mii no Bansho," one of the three most famous bells in Japan. Its historical buildings and beautiful, expansive gardens are must-see attractions.

This temple is also famous for its autumn foliage, with scores of maple trees throughout the grounds. In autumn, the entire area is dyed red and yellow, captivating all who visit.

Although there are fewer accommodations on the north side of Lake Biwa compared to the south, I’ll introduce options tailored to different types of travelers. Additionally, since camper van travel is a popular option around Lake Biwa, I’ll also highlight a nearby auto camping site.

Katahara Gakuya offers very reasonable accommodation rates, making it an attractive choice for solo travelers on a budget. Renovated from a traditional townhouse, it features a simple design, allowing you to enjoy the charm of old Japan while still enjoying modern comforts.

The accommodation is dormitory-style, but fully equipped with essential facilities and convenient amenities, including free Wi-Fi and a shared kitchen. The common areas provide a great chance to connect with fellow travelers, often one of the best parts of traveling. In addition, it’s located in the heart of Nagahama City, with easy access to tourist attractions, transportation, and there are many restaurants and shops nearby, making it very convenient during your stay.

This boutique hotel, a renovated townhouse, located in the picturesque historic castle town of Nagahama. You can feel the charm of traditional Japan while enjoying a cozy, hideaway-like atmosphere.

Featuring a modern Japanese design and comfortable facilities, the inn also offers a private sauna, creating a serene space for relaxation. Despite being located in the heart of the tourist area, it’s designed to give you a sense of tranquility, making it the perfect place for couples to spend some relaxing time together.

This resort hotel offers spacious rooms for families and beautiful lake views.

The buffet features a kids' corner, and a pool is available in the summer, making it the perfect place for a family trip. Additionally, there is a large public bath with an open-air hot spring, offering a relaxing space for parents as well.

This auto camping site is located on the shores of Lake Biwa, in a location where you can enjoy the view of the lake up close. Some sites come equipped with electricity, allowing you to enjoy the magnificent lakeside scenery in comfort.

A 10-minute drive away is Makino Kogen Onsen Sarasa, where you can also enjoy hot springs.

Before your rental car trip in Japan, it's important to be familiar with the following basics.

If it's your first time renting a car in Japan, make sure you familiarize yourself with the process. You can find more details in the article below.

Renting a Car in Japan: What you need to know

Mapcode assigns a numerical value to locations in Japan, allowing easy identification through car navigation systems. Many modern satnavs support Mapcode input, making it simpler than entering a name, address, or phone number. However, inputting the wrong number can send you to the wrong location, so always double-check your destination. Recently, I always use Mapcode when traveling to new places.

If you're planning to drive in Japan, it's important to learn the basic traffic rules for safety. I recommend the following article, which provides a clear explanation of the rules for foreigners.

The course I'm introducing this time doesn't include any trekking areas, so it's enough to bring comfortable sneakers. Also, the temperature starts to drop from October onwards, so it's a good idea to bring a warm outer layer.

Below are some places along this trip that might be difficult to drive through. Please use this as a reference and drive with caution.

Lake Biwa, the largest lake in Japan, is beautifully adorned with vibrant autumn leaves during the fall season. In this article, I introduced a scenic 2-day drive around Lake Biwa, showcasing some of the best autumn foliage spots in the surrounding area. With a perimeter of about 235 km, the lake is surrounded by many must-see sites, such as Makino Plateau, Enryakuji Temple, and Hikone Castle. Traveling by car allows you to easily reach hidden gems and places that are difficult to reach by public transportation alone. This makes for a truly special trip, where you can enjoy the clear autumn air while exploring historic temples and stunning autumn scenery.

Consider going on a drive around Lake Biwa to enjoy the autumn leaves this fall!