Tropical depressions can bring heavy rain. Among these, those in the northwest Pacific or the South China Sea with a maximum wind speed (10-minute average) of about 17 meters per second or more are called typhoons.

Internationally, tropical depressions with a maximum wind speed (1-minute average) of 33 meters per second or more are called typhoons. Depending on where these tropical depressions occur, they are referred to as cyclones in the Indian Ocean and South Pacific, and hurricanes in the North Atlantic and the eastern Pacific north of the equator.

Typhoons in Japan typically occur from July to October, with the highest frequency between August and September. The warm sea temperatures in summer make this the peak season for typhoon formation. Typhoons during this period can be influenced by other typhoons, the Pacific high-pressure system, and westerly winds, leading to complex and unpredictable movements.

According to the Japan Meteorological Agency, an average of about 25 typhoons occur annually, based on data from 1991 to 2020. The average number of typhoons approaching per month is 2.1 in July, 3.3 in August, 3.3 in September, and 1.7 in October. This means that in peak months, typhoons approach Japan approximately once every one to two weeks.

The Okinawa, Kyushu, and Shikoku areas are particularly prone to typhoon approaches and landfalls. If you plan to visit these regions in August or September, start checking the weather forecast about a week before your departure.

Autumn typhoons can move quickly and bring heavy rain, requiring extra caution. Due to recent climate changes, sea temperatures have risen, leading to larger and potentially more destructive typhoons. Before visiting Japan, ensure you are well-informed about the weather and prepared for emergency measures and evacuation if necessary.

According to Weathernews, around 23 typhoons are expected to form in 2024, slightly below the average. The Japan Meteorological Association predicts an average or below-average number of typhoons from July to August, and an average number from September to October. However, the number of typhoons approaching mainland Japan is expected to be average or above average from August to October.

This forecast is influenced by the anticipated occurrence of the La Niña phenomenon this summer. During La Niña, typhoons tend to form further west than usual, resulting in shorter times for typhoons to approach Japan after forming.

Pay attention to the development of tropical depressions and their potential paths to prepare for possible itinerary changes. Public transportation, including trains, Shinkansen, and flights, may be suspended, so frequent updates and information gathering are essential.

Typhoons often bring heavy rain and strong winds, posing risks such as injury from flying or falling debris, river flooding, road submersion, and building inundation. To avoid such hazards, it’s crucial to refrain from unnecessary outings.

When a typhoon approaches, river and pond water levels can rise rapidly, so avoid rivers and coastal areas with high waves. As the typhoon gets closer, both rain and wind intensify. Decide whether to evacuate during daylight hours and do so early if necessary.

Severe weather can also cause train delays or cancellations, potentially leaving you stranded away from your accommodation. Therefore, keep an eye on transportation updates as a typhoon approaches.

Don't underestimate a distant typhoon, as it can still bring heavy rain from warm, moist air inflow. Even after the typhoon passes, continue monitoring weather updates. Typhoons can change strength based on their path.

Below are multilingual websites, apps, and social media accounts to check during a typhoon.

Next, review your travel schedule.

If you have domestic flights or a return flight, check the flight status. Flights can be canceled due to worsening weather conditions, even before the scheduled departure date. While flight delays and cancellations are often confirmed closer to the departure time, knowing early can help you arrange alternative transportation or accommodation plans.

If you plan to use the Shinkansen or express trains, check their operational status as well. Even if your current location is not affected by the typhoon, your destination might be. Stay updated on the operational status according to your travel itinerary.

Below is a list of useful resources for checking travel information.

Depending on where you are staying, a typhoon may hinder your ability to move around, potentially leaving you stranded. Major disasters like river flooding or landslides could also disrupt utilities such as electricity, making ATMs unavailable. To prepare for such situations, it's wise to have enough Japanese yen on hand to cover at least a week’s expenses.

Additionally, ensure your mobile battery is fully charged in case of power outages. It’s also helpful to know where you can charge your devices if needed. Convenience stores, internet cafes, and electronics stores often provide charging stations during emergencies.

Here are the steps to take in case of flight cancellations or delays due to a typhoon.

In the event of flight changes or cancellations due to unavoidable weather conditions like typhoons, airlines will provide rebooking or cancellation services for free, including transfers to other carriers if necessary. This applies even to tickets that usually do not allow changes or cancellations. Given that many people may be seeking assistance at the same time, consider handling these procedures via phone or online.

However, for low-cost carrier (LCC) tickets, even if cancellations are allowed due to natural disasters, they might not offer full refunds or allow changes. Check the airline's policy on handling such situations when booking your tickets to be prepared.

Some airlines issue certificates for delays of 30 minutes or more or for cancellations. These certificates are necessary when applying for flight delay compensation mentioned in point 4. Check with your airline to see if this service is available. You may also be able to obtain these certificates through the airline's website.

If your return flight is canceled or your reserved accommodation is canceled due to a typhoon, you may incur unexpected lodging expenses. In such cases, consult with your travel agency or airline, as they may arrange accommodation for you. However, be aware that these costs will typically be your responsibility.

Travel insurance and credit card insurance may include coverage for expenses incurred due to flight delays or cancellations. Check with your insurance provider or credit card company to see if this option is available.

When filing an insurance claim, you will need to provide proof of the flight delay or cancellation, as well as receipts for lodging and meal expenses. Be sure to keep these documents for your claim.

In the event of a disaster such as river flooding or landslides, prioritize your safety. Small streams and ditches can become difficult to distinguish due to rising water, posing a risk of falling. Landslides and rockslides are also more likely. During a typhoon, strong winds can cause objects to fly and potentially hit you, and doors may slam shut due to wind gusts, so avoid unnecessary outings.

By the sea, waves can become high even before the typhoon arrives and remain dangerous for a while after it passes. If you're staying near the coast, stay away from the beach during these times.

LIVE JAPAN provides comprehensive resources for obtaining essential information during emergencies and disasters, including official transportation updates.

The following multilingual sites and apps provide useful information and current updates during disasters. It’s helpful to familiarize yourself with these resources in advance.

In the event of major disasters such as typhoons or earthquakes, phone lines and internet connections can become congested as people try to check on the safety of family and friends. To assist with this, Japanese telecommunications companies provide the following safety confirmation tools.

During your stay, if bad weather persists, you may need to alter your plans. However, Japan offers plenty of indoor attractions that can be thoroughly enjoyable. It’s wise to shift to indoor activities and accept that the typhoon will affect your plans for a while.

If a typhoon is approaching or has made landfall, stay indoors at your accommodation to ensure your safety. Alternatively, you can explore nearby supermarkets or convenience stores for souvenir shopping.

Here are some recommended indoor spots to enjoy even in bad weather.

Maxell Aqua Park Shinagawa is a cutting-edge entertainment facility where sound, light, video, and living creatures come together. While indoors, you can enjoy an impressive dolphin performance. It's a great spot for families and couples to visit.

For those interested in Tokyo's latest trends, visit Tokyu Kabukicho Tower. Opened in 2023, this new complex features attractions like the mission-based adventure "The Tokyo Matrix" and the food hall "Shinjuku Kabuki Hall – Kabuki Yokocho." This entertainment hub has become a popular destination.

At "Shinjuku Kabuki Hall – Kabuki Yokocho," you can enjoy soul food from various regions of Japan, including Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Okinawa. The venue also hosts a variety of performances and events every evening, making it an exciting place to explore.

For families, Sanrio Puroland is an indoor theme park where you can meet Sanrio characters like Hello Kitty and My Melody. You can take photos with your favorite characters, enjoy shows, and experience various attractions, providing a full day of fun and entertainment.

For those who planned to visit hot springs, consider the water-themed amusement facility "LaQua" next to Tokyo Dome or the 24-hour "Thermae-Yu" in Shinjuku. Both offer excellent spa and onsen experiences within Tokyo, allowing you to relax and enjoy the hot spring atmosphere without leaving the city.

In Osaka, the Kaiyukan, one of the world's largest aquariums, features a massive tank where whale sharks swim gracefully and areas where you can experience nature firsthand.

Another popular spot for rainy days is the Cup Noodles Museum Osaka Ikeda. Here, you can hand-make Chicken Ramen at the "Chicken Ramen Factory" or create a unique cup of instant noodles at the "My Cup Noodles Factory." This interactive museum offers a fun and educational experience about the origins of instant ramen.

For those looking to relax, visit "SpaWorld: Onsen from Around the World," which offers baths from 17 countries, or "Naniwa no Yu," known for its natural hot spring baths. Both provide excellent indoor options to enjoy onsen experiences.

If your plans for a day trip or a visit to a hot spring were canceled, it can be quite disappointing. However, there are many tours and activities that can be booked on short notice, even on the same day. Once the typhoon has passed, consider these options for day trips from Tokyo:
- Mt. Fuji Classic Route Day Tour (from Shinjuku)
- Kamakura and Enoshima Day Tour (from Tokyo)
- Fruit Picking Tours, such as strawberry picking in spring or grape picking in autumn.

If the weather improves, consider extending your trip to a 1-night, 2-day onsen getaway.

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In recent years, the term "guerrilla rainstorm" has become common in Japanese news. Although not an official term used by the Japan Meteorological Agency, it refers to intense, localized downpours that occur over a short period. These downpours are characterized by their sudden and sporadic nature, making them difficult to predict in advance.

These storms are caused by developed cumulonimbus clouds and can bring not only heavy rain but also severe weather phenomena such as tornadoes, strong winds, lightning, and hail. Therefore, it is essential to remain vigilant and take appropriate precautions during such events.

If you encounter a localized downpour, take the following precautions.

During downpours, large amounts of rain can fall in a short time, potentially causing various hazards. There is a risk of landslides in mountainous areas, and normally slow-flowing rivers and irrigation canals can quickly become fast and swollen. Underground passages can also flood, so if you notice any leaks or unusual conditions, move to higher ground promptly.

Flooded roads may have hidden obstacles, making them dangerous, so avoid these areas.

Downpours caused by developed cumulonimbus clouds can also bring strong winds and lightning. If you are outside, seek refuge in a safe building.

Downpours are sudden and difficult to predict. During the summer, carrying a foldable umbrella is advisable, but you should also use resources like the Japan Meteorological Agency’s short-term precipitation forecasts. These can help you determine if rain clouds are approaching and when the downpour might end. Check these updates frequently to plan your actions accordingly.

If you plan to visit Japan in August or September, be prepared for a higher likelihood of encountering typhoons. Additionally, sudden downpours can occur during this time. To ensure a comfortable trip, familiarize yourself with information sites, safety confirmation methods, and procedures for flight cancellations or delays before your trip. It's also wise to have alternative plans in case of bad weather.

(*Note: This information is accurate as of July 2024. Facility hours or availability may change; check official websites for updates.)