Kyoto Prefecture, which stretches north to south, has different climates depending on the area. The Tamba Mountains, located almost in the center of the prefecture, act as a barrier between the north and south.

The northern part, including Fukuchiyama, Maizuru, and Miyazu, has a Sea of Japan climate with many cloudy days throughout the year and a short summer period. Autumn comes early and winter brings freezing temperatures and lots of snow, especially in the northern tip of the Tango Peninsula. This region is known for its high humidity year-round.

In contrast, the southern part of Kyoto Prefecture is home to the city of Kyoto, where you can find popular attractions like Kiyomizu-dera Temple and Kinkaku-ji Temple. The city sits in a basin surrounded by mountains, leading to extremely hot summers and very cold winters with a large temperature difference between day and night.

The elevation also affects the temperature and weather, with cooler temperatures in areas closer to the mountains and higher altitudes. For example, the five-storied pagoda of Toji in the south and Kitayama-dori in the north have the same height of 54.8 meters, but the temperature is noticeably cooler in the north.

In the southern part of Kyoto, March continues to be cold, but signs of spring start to appear around the middle of the month. The average temperature is 8.4°C (47°F). The average maximum temperature is 13.4°C (56°F), about 3.5 degrees higher than in February.

In the city of Kyoto, you may hear people say, "It's warm today" or "It's cold again today," as the weather alternates every three to four days between warm and cold days, gradually becoming warmer. In the basin, the weather can be sunny and warm during the day, but the mornings and evenings are chilly, so it's best to pack layered clothing.

The northern region of Kyoto is generally colder than the southern region, with an average temperature about 2°C lower. However, as the month progresses, the temperature begins to rise. It's important to pack warm clothing and an umbrella, as the hours of sunshine are typically short and the weather can quickly change from sunny to cloudy, rainy or snowy. Towns closer to the sea may also experience stronger winds, making it feel even colder.

For the southern region, it is recommended to wear long-sleeved underwear, wool sweaters, and cardigans with short coats that have liners during the winter season. Towards the end of the season, jackets and coats can be worn, but the temperature differences between the warm daytime and cool nights still require warm accessories like large stoles and mufflers.

As for the northern region, where it is still cold in March due to snow and strong winds, it is essential for both men and women to wear down coats and thermal underwear and shirts to keep warm. Wool sweaters, cardigans, and other heavy clothes are also suitable. Women can add stockings or thick tights under their pants for extra warmth. While it becomes slightly warmer towards the end of the month, wearing tights with skirts is still recommended.

Every year, the Kyoto Higashiyama Hanatouro festival takes place in the Higashiyama area, which is home to many temples and shrines such as Kiyomizu Temple and Yasaka Pagoda. During the festival, the streets and famous places in this area are adorned with flower arrangements and paper lanterns, creating a beautiful and enchanting atmosphere.

In addition, many temples hold special nighttime illuminations, allowing visitors to enjoy the beauty of Kyoto at night. As the events take place at night, it's important to dress warmly and take precautions against the cold weather.

April is a popular season for cherry blossom viewing in Kyoto. In the southern part of the prefecture, the average temperature is around 14.2°C (57.6°F), with an average high temperature of 19.9°C (67.8°F) and an average low temperature of 9°C (48.2°F). While the daytime temperature may be warm, the nights can be especially chilly, so it's important to bring layers. As the month progresses, the temperature gradually becomes warmer and more comfortable.

Many people enjoy viewing cherry blossoms at night after the sun sets, but it's important to take precautions against the cold.

The cherry blossoms in the northern region bloom later than in the south. As April progresses, the weather gradually becomes warmer and more pleasant, with less rainfall making it a great time for outdoor activities. However, the evenings can still be chilly, so it's important to dress warmly when going out after dark.

It's recommended to bring cotton spring coats and jackets in both the north and south regions as the daytime can be warm. On some days, casual wear such as sweatshirts and hoodies are adequate. However, Kyoto's weather can change drastically from one day to the next, and there is still a significant temperature drop at night. It's a good idea to pack undergarments and coats in case they are needed.

If you are susceptible to pollen allergies, remember to bring a proper mask and eye protection.

Spring in Kyoto is known for the beautiful cherry blossoms that bloom for about a week when they are in full bloom. Many famous spots in Kyoto offer great views of these pink blossoms, and you can easily find locations near your accommodation.

In Kyoto city, Honen-in Temple, Takaraike Park, the Philosopher's Path, Kiyomizu-dera Temple, Maruyama Park, Umekoji Park, and Takao are popular places for cherry blossom viewing. In the northern part of Kyoto Prefecture, Amanohashidate and Kasamatsu Park in Miyazu also offer breathtaking cherry blossom views during the same period.

May is a comfortable time to visit Kyoto with warm and sunny days. The average temperature in the southern part is 19.0°C (66°F) with an average high temperature of 24.6°C (76°F) and an average low temperature of 14°C (57°F). However, it can get quite hot, and temperatures can exceed 30°C (86°F) at times, so it is important to protect yourself from the sun and heat.

The temperature difference between day and night can also be significant, so it is recommended to bring a light jacket or sweater for cooler evenings. Don't forget to stay hydrated and take breaks in the shade to avoid heat exhaustion.

In the northern region of Kyoto, the average temperature in June is 17.0°C (62.6°F), with an average high of 22.5°C (72.5°F) and an average low of 12°C (53.6°F). Spring has given way to early summer, so many days are warm and comfortable. However, there are times when the temperature can reach summer-like levels, so it's important to be prepared for that. On windy or rainy days, the temperature can drop quickly, so it's a good idea to bring layers to adjust to the changing weather.

During the day, a sweatshirt or T-shirt is enough to wear in both the south and north regions. On sunny days, short-sleeved shirts are also suitable. However, sudden drops in temperature can occur, so it's wise to pack additional items such as long-sleeved hoodies, cardigans, and cotton stoles. While both cotton pants and skirts are appropriate, it may still be too early to go barefoot.

During Japan's Golden Week in early May, Kyoto hosts a variety of events that draw large crowds. This time of year also marks the blooming of azaleas, which can be seen at Heian Jingu and Nagaoka Tenmangu, among other places. Higashi-Maizuru Park in the northern region is particularly notable for its 25,000 illuminated azaleas.

While Kyoto's climate varies by region, it's common for temperatures to fluctuate from day to day, with large temperature differences between day and night. However, after a cold winter, the arrival of spring in Kyoto brings cheer. To ensure a comfortable stay, it's important to pack appropriate clothing for the weather.

Reference: Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Meteorological Agency website