According to the Japan Meteorological Agency, the El Niño phenomenon that persisted since the spring of 2023 has ended.

El Niño refers to the phenomenon where sea surface temperatures become higher than usual in the equatorial Pacific region, from the International Date Line to the coast of South America. With the end of El Niño, the Pacific High strengthens, allowing warm and humid air to flow more easily. Consequently, the year following an El Niño event is known for increased global temperatures.

Following the end of the El Niño phenomenon, it is likely that either normal conditions will persist or a La Niña phenomenon might develop as we approach autumn.

La Niña is characterized by lower-than-average sea surface temperatures in the same equatorial Pacific regions affected by El Niño. When La Niña occurs, sea surface temperatures in the western equatorial Pacific rise above average. This can strengthen the Pacific High to the north, potentially adding to the conditions for increased temperatures.

As a result, Japan's summer in 2024 is likely to experience higher-than-average temperatures. When traveling in Japan during this season, be sure to stay hydrated, take regular breaks, and implement proper heatstroke prevention measures to enjoy your visit safely.