Distance: Meters, Kilometers
Japan uses the metric system and, as such, you'll encounter the kilometer on maps and signs all over the country.
As a reminder:
-1 meter is about 3.3 feet.
-1 kilometer is about 1,094 yards, or about 3,281 feet (or about 6/10 of a mile).
- At a moderate pace, it takes about 15-20 minutes to walk 1 km.

Speed: Kilometers per hour (km/h)
Naturally, speed is measured in the metric system in kilometers as well instead of the imperial "miles per hour". One mile is about 1.6 kilometers. Generally the maximum speed on regular roads is 60 km/h and on highways it is 100 km/h in Japan.

Temperature: Celsius
For folks who didn't grow up with the metric system, remember that: "30 is hot, 20 is nice; 10 is cool, and 0 is ice."

The unit of money used in Japan is the Yen, which is denoted by the ￥ symbol. ￥100 is roughly equivalent to US$1.

There are ￥1, ￥5, ￥10, ￥50, ￥100 and ￥500 coins. ￥1 coins are made of aluminum. ￥5 and ￥50 coins have a hole in the center. Most vending machines will accept coins from ￥10 and higher.

Bills commonly come in ￥1,000, ￥5,000 and ￥10,000, however occasionally you may also come across a ￥2,000 note (meant to commemorate the year 2000). Most vending machines will accept only ￥1,000 notes.

Inside tip: Whereas large bills may be frowned upon in certain countries, it's common to see people paying with ￥5,000 or even ￥10,000 notes even for small-valued items like a pack of gum or pen!

Japan also has a unique unit for space. Based on the tatami mats typical of Japanese-style homes, Japanese people usually measure rooms in jo. 1 jo is the size of 1 tatami mat, which is about 1.6 square meters.

In addition, when measuring land, the unit tsubo is used. 1 tsubo is 3.31 square meters.

Japan has its own way of counting and measuring food. When Japanese people cook rice, Japan's staple food, they use the unit go. 1 go is 180 milliliters. Rice is generally measured using special cups that are sold in most grocery shops.

When Japanese people count sushi, they use the unit kan. At a conveyor-belt style sushi restaurants, however, one plate usually has two kan of sushi, so they count the number of plates instead: hitosara means one plate.

Japanese sake is counted in sho. 1 sho is 1800 milliliters. Other units which are not used in daily life but rather by brewing companies and manufacturers are to (18 liters) and seki (180 liters).